Packets in the network (internet) layer are called datagrams .  A datagram (datagram format is as shown below ) is a variable-length pa...

NVT ASCII NVT ASCII stands for Network Virtual Terminal ASCII. It is a character encoding standard used for transmitting text-based data ove...

Two-Level Addressing The purpose of IPv4 addressing is to show destination for an internet packet. Internet is networks of network, A ...

Fragmentation A datagram can travel through different networks. Each router decapsulates the IP datagram from the frame it receives, p...

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the transmission mechanism used by the TCP/IP protocols at the network layer. The Following figure  shows th...